When No Reply Starts to Feel Like an Answer
You send a proposal you have spent time on. You read it once more, make a final change and press send. At that point, you are reasonably happy with it.
A few hours later, there is still no reply.
At first, that may mean very little. People are busy. Emails sit unanswered. Perhaps you get on with something else and think little more about it.
Later, you check again.
By late afternoon, you may find yourself reopening what you sent. A sentence that seemed perfectly clear that morning now looks less convincing. You wonder whether the proposal was too long or whether you misunderstood what was wanted. The idea itself starts to look less certain.
There is still very little new information. The clearest new fact is simply that an answer has not arrived.
And yet the delay can begin to feel meaningful.
Sometimes the delay really does tell us something. If someone normally replies quickly and several days have passed, the silence itself has become unusual. What it rarely tells us on its own is why there has been no reply or what the eventual answer will be.
The recipient may not have read the proposal yet, or may be discussing it with someone else. Their day may simply have gone off schedule. They may also have reservations about what you sent.
Even so, one explanation may begin to feel more likely than the others.
For one person, a few hours of silence barely register. Someone else may quickly begin to read something into it.
Past experience can help explain the difference. If delayed replies have often been followed by criticism or disappointment, the silence may acquire significance quickly. For someone who has usually found that people answer when they have time, exactly the same silence may carry much less weight.
The inbox starts drawing your attention more often. The phone lights up and there is a brief jolt before you see who the notification is from. You find it harder to stay with another piece of work and check again even though you looked only a few minutes earlier.
You may notice tension or a change in your breathing. Even an unrelated remark may seem more critical than it normally would because you are already more watchful and tense.
Somewhere during all of this, a clear thought may appear:
Maybe the proposal wasn't good enough.
Because a thought like this comes in words, it is easy to treat that sentence as the beginning of the response. But much of what we have just described may already be under way before you can clearly say what you think is going on.
What is developing here is wider than a thought or feeling that can be clearly named. Attention can shift, bodily state can change, and the situation can start to acquire a particular significance before any clear conclusion has been reached. These changes are part of the same wider organisation and can influence one another.
This does not require deliberate recall of similar occasions. Past experience can shape what seems likely now without being consciously called to mind.
There is an evolutionary advantage to these anticipatory changes. In danger, waiting for complete certainty could cost valuable time. Changes in attention and bodily state could begin before the threat was fully understood, making earlier action possible.
The same process operates in ordinary life. In the proposal example, the changes already under way are not evidence that the proposal has gone badly. They are part of a response developing around one possible explanation for the silence.
Once this wider organisation has begun, it can still be influenced. The trainable capacity is to recognise and work with it while it is taking shape, rather than waiting until the experience has become obvious enough to name and only then trying to change it. Working at that earlier stage gives the current context more opportunity to influence the direction the response takes.
Attention may keep returning to the message, while bodily state and the way other events are interpreted begin to shift around the possibility of rejection. All of this uses resources. When those changes go beyond what the circumstances call for, the response is already drawing on more resources than are useful at that moment.
Efficiency here means keeping the overall organisation in line with the demands at hand, without an anticipated outcome shaping more of the moment than necessary. A stronger level of activation can be entirely appropriate when the situation genuinely calls for it.
The unanswered proposal is only one example. The same underlying processes are involved in how experience is organised more generally.
Eventually, the reply arrives. Maybe it is good news. Maybe it isn’t. Now there is actual information to respond to.
If unanswered messages no longer lead to the same pattern of checking, mounting tension and expecting rejection, the brain has something different to learn from. Gradually, the delay may stop carrying the same expectation of rejection, and the old response may become less likely to recur.
Earlier experience helped shape the response. What happens differently now can help reshape it.
References
- Clark, A. (2013). ‘Whatever next? Predictive brains, situated agents, and the future of cognitive science’. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 36(3), 181–204. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X12000477
- de Lange, F. P., Heilbron, M. and Kok, P. (2018). ‘How do expectations shape perception?’. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 22(9), 764–779.
- Grupe, D. W. and Nitschke, J. B. (2013). ‘Uncertainty and anticipation in anxiety: An integrated neurobiological and psychological perspective’. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 14(7), 488–501.
- Hur, J. et al. (2020). ‘Anxiety and the neurobiology of temporally uncertain threat anticipation’. The Journal of Neuroscience, 40(41), 7949–7964.
- Quigley, K. S., Kanoski, S., Grill, W. M., Barrett, L. F. and Tsakiris, M. (2021). ‘Functions of interoception: From energy regulation to experience of the self’. Trends in Neurosciences, 44(1), 29–38.
- Scherer, K. R. and Moors, A. (2019). ‘The emotion process: Event appraisal and component differentiation’. Annual Review of Psychology, 70, 719–745.
- Schulkin, J. and Sterling, P. (2019). ‘Allostasis: A brain-centered, predictive mode of physiological regulation’. Trends in Neurosciences, 42(10), 740–752.
- Sterling, P. (2012). ‘Allostasis: A model of predictive regulation’. Physiology & Behavior, 106(1), 5–15.
Written by Alex Lappon. All essays.